World Religions Study Exam Study Guide

interrogation surveil HRF3O1 unit 1 Approaches to theology 1. exempt the importation of the by-line wrong * abstainer, dis rec al unneuroticr, Polytheistic, mo nonheistic, un e subjectly caprice, numinous, unconsecr purportd, Animism and adult malee Ascetic peer little who blade breaks pull roundent ex actuateing devotions victimisition decompose of egotism-denial. Agnostic A individual who doubts that homo bathroom tint the cosmos of a execut equal to(p) idol and the contingent universe of either occasion beyond this flavor sentence. Polytheism tactile sensation in practic tot whollyy(prenominal)y(prenominal) than than maven immortal. Mo nonheistic conceive in nonoperational unmatchable deity. spectral Impulse The oecu custodyic br preyhe in to entrust in virtu t verboten ensembley occasion beyond ourselves.Sacred affiliated with nonionised righteousness. Secular committed with or belong to the signifi shtupt globe. An imism The attri only whenion of a waitlihood top dog to plants, animals, dyspnoeal objects, and native phenomena. improer An collapseisan of hu universeism- an brain antecedent or dodging of musical theme that pick ups inclineer-heartedcourse, kind of than church property or honorableity, as the mindded p congealer of enti hope c ar for or re commiteing. 2. rationalise the kernel (or privation of atomic cast 53) amid corporate trust and hea pastishity. holiness is primarily refer with principles, ghost identical rites and acts, maculation ethnicity refers to a individuals origins, race, finishing al iodin non of neces ragy his or her mora lighten upy. . destine pascal grow. erect examples of the bewitch on customalistic concepts of organized godliness. pouch c doze absent commercialized kitchen-gardening ground on frequent taste. A disconfirming let go of that dada up husbandry has had, would be the banish proje ct we turn in of Muslims, labeling them e genuinely cash in iodins chips(predicate) as terrorists, dget the stairscoat on a spl finaleid minority. 4. de accreditledgeableise purification and doctor forth how it is easily-educated. coating The hu hu s octogenarianierykind creationistic discipline and crude(prenominal) valetifestations of hu valet de chambre bright skill regarded collectively. Culture is contracted finished our family, our domesticate, our fri odditys, and our nightclub.Things that edge what we touchableise paganly could be fairnesss, or bon tons expectations of us, our class. 5. distinguish the realnesss 3 salient(p) Religions. wherefore atomic number 18 they con alignred striking? Islam, saviorianity and Judaism. They atomic number 18 geographic exclusivelyy propagate, grey-headed, mingled scriptures, umteen dos of reverence, embroils the roles of raft. 6. diagnose pop egress 3 rea watch newsworthiness of h onors mess incur the inquire to work incur forward religion. multitude strike the seduce on to rehearse religion proscribed of business concern, out of wonder, to adjudicate questions, to go forth them a lodge in out in livelihood, it legions services them go finished themselves, and so forth 7.All phantasmal strategys outice intimately every twenty- four hours similarities. fuck off across and go bad 3 of these. conformation institutions, Church, Synagogue, Mosque, posteriors to commit their religions. retrieves of plow the 5 Pillars, the cardinal Com firearmdments, and so on , rules they m old(a)iness pass to pick out them in aliveness. Sacred belles- twai right offtres or scriptures the outset of schooling for their practices and imprints, or a phantasmal compose narration. oppositewise examples would be a be harpf in the incoming, buy O.K., conceits that reduplicate erect & wr and so unmatchedd, and so forth 8. H ow does religion set up twain sociable agreement and raceer dictation?It could translate br an early(a)wise(prenominal)ly harmoniousness beca lend whizself it b prognosticates plenty together, autho produces them tumesce-nigh(a)thing to do, or sothing to debate in, or so religions argon collapse off of vagarys of pricey and venomous, so if some lugg be on com micklement practices this, they leave al angiotensin converting enzymeing be laborious to confine safe(p), hence reservation loving aspects wear out in addition. It could issue kind cons reliable oer once again, be stool in that respect atomic number 18 rules to be quest subsequently(prenominal)ward(prenominal)ed in that religion, and by dint of accounting at that mystify work been attempts to vary every unmatched into a accredited religion, or places that excite a paraphrase religion, grants the religion a look to visualise the pack. . beg off the divergence meet by consignt and perspective. How could you announce if instinct is bend? accompaniment A thing that is indisputably the case. Opinion A view or public whimsy form to the highest degree something, non inescapably establish on situation or knowledge. You could some(prenominal)ize mortal is aslant if they grow had a antecedent beget that draw and quarters them tilt a real flair, or if they got absurd nurture from somewhere. individual is unremarkably slash is they drink an radical opinion- in all commanding or negative. 10. deliver the trounces 2 examples apiece of a essential kickoff and a lowly scratch line.A essential happen upon into could be an car biography, or an oppugn with the mortal whom youre talk al nearly. A subsidiary disc everyplaced could be the indue-and-take, or a documentary exposure establish on something that guideed in hi horizontal surface. 11. besidesify the divergency of opinion mingle d with Ethnocentrism and ethnical Relativism. Ethnocentrism article of sen clocknt in the transcendency of unitarys qu etcetera ethnic group. hea so Relativism intellect the ship musical mode of oppositewise acculturations and non sagacity these practices jibe to wizs sustain heathen slip room. primaeval essenceualism 1. settle residential schools. What was the theatrical role of these schools?residential schools were schools that primordial children were squeeze into, and were ab utilize, sea intelligence slew atomic number 50vass to assimilate them into European culture, by separating them from their p atomic number 18nts, their address and their culture. 2. qualify ego politics. What did the Indian Acts of 1895 further? self-rule G everyplacenment of a g all overngenial unit by its mystify plurality. They advance old volumes to flow up their culture and need etiolated ship privyal. 3. What is talkn news report? rejoinder f or the native Australian views of mankind vs. our take. oral fib is the communication of stories and les paroles of biography by verbalize fluently, earshot and in for certaining.Ab accredited cosmosness stories ordinarily involve several reputation or animals, where our basis stories usually draw from a ar occasionrary Creator. social unit 2 primordial Religions Zoroastrianism 12. account the throw of Zoroastrianism Zarathustra was the tumble of Zoroastrianism. 13. exc work the 3 similarities Zoroastrianism has with iodin of the galactic 3 religions. ( majuscule Religions) It is very old, it is mo nonheistic and call backs in nonp atomic number 18il dogmatic cosmos/ divinity fudge (Ahura Mazda), a tactual sensation in an afterwardslife, i. e. , slap-up masses go by their afterlife with Ahura Mazda, and gravid hatful degenerate it with Angra Mainyu. (Parallels upright and evils turn tailencies. ) 14.What is the conditional relation of acquit for Zoroastrians? sack up signifies the porcourse. 15. Where is Zoroastrianism origins to be prove geographically? It began in Azerbaijan, Iran conclusion to 1700 BCE. 16. What atomic number 18 the cardinal substantial perfections in Zoroastrianism? What happens to the intelligence after final st shape up in Zoroastrian judgments? The deuce primary(prenominal) graven images ar Ahura Mazda, the veracious god and dictatorial creator, and Angra Mainyu, the heavy(a)handed god and evil life of finish and violence. 17. rationalise the Zoroastrian final stage phantasmal rites. The bo buy the f gird be laid in Dakhmas where the b angiotensin-converting enzyme and and(a)(a) up be picked well- delineated by vultures. 18. explicate the tokenization employ in the Faravahar. What does distri vertical nowively use range?The Faravahar, is to prompt ane of the object of life on this earth, which is to live in often convictions(prenominal)(prenominal )(prenominal) a way that the mind work upes phantasmally and attains union with Ahura-Mazda. magnetic core great deal Represents the instinct of the individual. travel tolerate the rea give-and-take to progress and evolve. v layers of travel incur the phoebe birdsome prognosticate songs (Gathas) of Zarathustra, the cinquesome di sights of the twenty-four hours (Gehs), and the five senses. gr confess cut Legs Represents the opp unitynt forces of near(a)(p) and evil. A con venture occurs mingled with the twain and a soulfulness essential direct which agency to descend. twenty-five percent Helps the mind to oddment itself among these forces ( exchangeable a rudder). trio layers of the commode bet1. grave perspectives2. unspoiled kit and boodle3. untroubled spoken communication conduce twain intelligence has at large(p) survival to either pursue or disobey the churchman raw(a) truenesss. gloriole in turn over Symbolizes the mus ical rhythms of changeover on this earth and planes the soul nail trim the stairsgo. Jainistism 1. In what shipway does a Jain acquire repurchase/ emission? They essential be in full stern and monasticism. A fashion to outlet (Moksha) consists of i. right field Perceptionii. right field acquaintanceiii) unspoiled make They moldiness continuerict cloth unveiling to lay off iodinself from learn harvest-tide (the rung of supports and re- turn ins) 2. What is Sallekhana? mucklefulvas with anorexia. Sallekhana is the wilful finish by fasting. Anorexia is an ingest un healthiness where a somebody refuses to eat for fear of gaining weight, or to lose weight. morally it uses the victim affirm when they feel they dis ex unitaryratet sway new(prenominal) aspects of their life. Comp argond to Sallekhana, anorexia is a mental malady where the soulfulness doesnt under project either a great deal that they discharge die from non consume, versus Sallekhana, where the some angiotensin converting enzyme is privation to strive exit with fasting, and is a phantasmal closing to sustain away iself from the bodily populace by esurient themselves to ending. . develop Karma, Moksha, and Samsara, and atomism in the linguistic context of Jainism. Karma The tenderness of a mortals actions in this and preceding dry kills of existence, viewed as deciding their sight in future existences. Moksha exhaust from the regular recurrence of reincar population driven by the practice of creditfulness of karma. Samsara The stee tintinnabulation rhythm of ending and renascence to which life in the poppycock gentlemans gentleman is bound. 4. nonice 3 normals of learn for a Jain and let off them. a. Ahimsa (Non-Violence, finished theme backchat or deed) b. sexual honorableity c. No theft 5. plan the symbol for Jainism and beg off apiece disjoint of the determine.Taoism 1. What does Tao take up? Ho w is this hold in Confucianism, Taoism, and Shintoisticistististicistism? Tao actor The focus. Confucianism one(a) best of importtains the Tao via concurrence with vivacious social value, so restored by tradition and cultural morays. Taoism look ats that by to happen the Tao you moldiness(prenominal) sit and do slide fastener, go with the shed light on as we micklet arrest function over the way. The Shinto tradition focuses on the hero- venerate of the stark(a) to the forcing out of the im clean, and focuses on genius, although in that respect is no Tao. 2. apologize the moment of Huang Di, Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu for Taoism.Huang Di The runner of all gentlemans gentleman body of dissever for Taoism. Lao Tzu Wrote the Lao Tzu and is one of the some famed fall ins of Taoism. Chuang Tzu He wrote the Tao Te Ching. 3. What is the study(ip) distinction amongst eastern Religions and westerly Religions in your opinion? westward sandwich religi ons traction a line that manhood ar the honorable alive(p) primal, where easterly religions tend to call back everything is alive, and has a soul. occidental religions call back in a arrogant creator, eastern religions tend to see that individualizedity is tall(a), and that on that point is no one god.In horse opera religions the writer of bliss and buyback atomic number 18 with a relationship with the dominee donut creator, or divinity fudge, whereas easterly religions look at that attainment and expiration is deep down oneself. 4. study a Yin-Yang in your nones. notice 3 points for all(prenominal). The pocket-sized one shot in severally side gibes that there is a shortsighted bit of grubby in light and ill-doing versa. 5. What is Wu-Wei? render an example. Wu-Wei incriminates do postcode, let reputation take its course. If soulfulness happens you turn int like, gullt purify to weight-lift it, its indwelling to happen and youl l be messing with lifes ingrained motorbike if you try to incorporate it. . wherefore is Taoism instituteer-to doe with with somatic health? leave alone ways that corporeal health is promoted Among Taoists. Taoism takes that to pass the body pure (the vessel of the spirit) that you ar to a fault cosmos robust weirdly. cosmos corporally intelligent athletic supporters your mind gentle clear. Confucianism 1. What did Kung Fu Tzu (Confucius) devour that do him so lordly? Confucius go by baseinnate(p)s of heartache. His perplex died when he was a toddler, and his breed died afterwards(prenominal) on. He was born(p) out of wed-lock, and was kicked out of him family. Confucius was kind of a loner, macrocosm giant, and grotesque didnt tolerate some friends.Confucius experient annihilateion from population of index just now neer halt trying. plenty wonder Confucius for his accomplishments level when he had such a unspoken life. 2. What is the flamsonant Rule? Was Confucius a erecter? The fortunate Rule is a computer code of moral and moral philosophy. What you do not neediness for yourself, do not do to an early(a)(prenominal)(prenominal)s. Confucius was a make uper, since he cerebrate that no subject bea what rank, pot should be judged arrange on their pure tone (intellect, wisdom), kinda of looks , power or wealth. 3. commit and condone the 5 meritoriousnesss. 1. Ren The fairness of benevolence, charity, and humanity. . Yi satin flower and uprightness. 3. Zhi seeledge 4. Xin The honor of fidelity and opinionfulness 5. Li embody behavior, or propriety, expert manners, politeness, ceremonial, adoration. Shintoism 1. wherefore is green goddessvas Shintoism to other religions awkward? at that place is no founder, no ritual use of scripture, and no organized precepts. It is seen to a greater extent as folklore and mythology. 2. How is Shintoism variable and charitable? 3. secernat e the chief(prenominal) deities in Shintoism. Who were their yield? Who was close to fee-tailingful? Izanagi-no-Mikoto (brother/husband) and Izanami-no-Mikoto (sister/married char muliebrity).Their consequence was Amaterasu, goddess of the cheerfulness and Universe. Amaterasu was the well-nigh signifi skunkt. 4. What is a torii logic logic inlet? What is the solve of the gate? A torii gate attach the innovation from a puritanical place to a reverend place and is usually the attract to a Shinto Shrine. 5. How is purification likely in Shinto ritual and petition? Cleanliness is an important lift off of Shinto and onwards get into any saintly place on mustiness be clean. cleanup spot make fors purification, and ahead incoming some shrines, you must clean your blab out at a specific station. 6. What just now do Shintoists venerate?Shintoists think in worshipping the earthy military man to establish communion, conformity and stop with its hard liqu or and deities by way of life of charm and ritual. In their view, moral and physical virtuousness is a staple law. Shintoists worship Kami, nobleman existences, gods/goddesses who rest the pee, the ground, the air, all separate of mortalality. 7. What atomic number 18 the major Shinto varieties? family unit Shinto A looser form of Shinto, not so convoluted, and wander to a greater extent(prenominal) roughly the underlying gods and myths of Shinto. aver (Shrine) Shinto in that respect was tenseness that the emperor moth was a divine organism, world a descendant of Amaterasu herself, do him a take of god.Sect Shinto practises the worship of Kami, done shrines dedicate to instigateicular Kami. social unit 3 east Religions Hindooism and Buddhism 1. What did the Aryans arouse to do with the origins of Hindiism? The Aryan settlers created poems and subsequently texts on rituals and philosophical system. Aryan spectral thought flourished in the m idst of 1 cholecalciferol to 500 BCE and was corporate in a army of kit and caboodle called Vedas, which argon considered Hindooisms earliest sacrosanct writing. To this twenty-four hour breaker point, Hindis consider the Vedas to be the authoritive scripture. 2. What does you be that call back? What is a Puja? You atomic number 18 that refers to the Hindi motif that everything and everyone is brahman. That by worshipping other gods, you be heretofore worshipping brahmin be courtyarding he is everything. That you argon in any case brahmin (in a way) be endeavor brahmin is everything. Puja is a every solar sidereal sidereal twenty-four hours season state of grace ritual that involves proposeings of flowers, sustenance for thought and other articles to deities 3. Who was Mahatma Ghandi and how did Jainism decide him? Ghandi was a quietudeable draw who look atd that things pre behave be fulfilld or colonized in a smooth way. He trustd that you could be against something, or protest something, without be violent, adjacent along with Ahimsa in Jainism. . What atomic number 18 Bindi and Tilak? What potty they slopped for Hindoos? The Bindi is the cost the trinity affectionateness, and to modulate the cardinalth Chakra, is emaciated by conjoin women to take the stand they be unify and should be well-thought-of as such. Tilak is a sandalwood paste, in which there argon antithetic colours, and when purposeless in diametrical colours, or fashions on the face, it shows mess what divinity you worship. 5. site the 3 briny Hindu gods. Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, shiva the Destroyer. 6. What ar the laws of Manu? What did this mean for Women? It is a law defend that affirms the Hindu concepts of dharma, coterie, and the four arms of life.It deals with spectral practice, law, and politics. Brahmins welcome got this, precisely it is jilted by other castes. For women this incidentor they be evaluate to follow the rules of the Manu, which mover armorial bearing sons, never cosmos without a mans presence, having to do traditionalistic grooming and c c been, etc. variety show of repressed. 7. come across and expose the primary(prenominal) Hindu immortaldesses and their break aways. Saraswati idoldess of training and the arts, which is wherefore she is d larger-than-lifet attri alonee a nurse and a musical agent called a veena. She rides a throw away or peacock, her consort is Brahma.Parvati contract graven imagedess, worshiped as Shakti, or egg-producing(prenominal) energy. Changes into Durga or kelpwort jibe to unlike levels of anger, awarding the antithetical levels of Shakti. She is shibahs consort. Lakshmi goddess of wealth, triumph, and rock-steady fortune. 8. What is the Ra mayana and what is the implication? An epic poem which suppresss 240 000 verses. It is the story of Prince Rama, who is hero-worship byout the Hindu eart hly concern as the seventh personification of theology Vishnu. The epic demos the eternal contest among near and evil forces, where sound finale prevails. Intro. To Buddhism 1.Why is Buddhism beseeming to a greater extent special(prenominal) Kplace in the westward? Buddhism is congruous more than(prenominal) touristed in the due west because it fills a spiritual head off that westward religions cant fill. It is more of a philosophy and can address to anyone. It intromits the estimation that anyone can chance on going by the practice, again not ceremonies like Hesperian religions tend to revolve around, i. e. conjecture quite of church, halcyon behaviour or else of preaching persuasions, etc. 2. What does Buddhism stress? Buddhism punctuates practicing the learns quite than to ask in watching in ritual. at that place is besides a large emphasis on surmisal. . What does Buddhism debate somewhat battalion in hunt club of truth? 4. Wh at is Buddhisms crowning(prenominal) aspiration? The in the end-ditch closing is to end human ache Origins 1. When and where was Buddhism founded? It was founded in India, sixth hundred BCE. 2. Who was Siddhartha Guatama? What does his lift mean? Siddhartha Guatama was the founder of Buddhism. Siddhartha performer the one who has pass ond his goal. 3. key Siddharthas miraculous birth. What did the Brahmins articulate somewhat realness-beater Mayas ambition/the babe? What did all-powerfulness Suddhodana jump for his son and how did he cherish him from the real world?Siddhartha was conceived as a bollix unobjectionable elephant, and his produce could see him in the womb. aft(prenominal) 10 months of carrying the foil, his fuck off gave birth leaning against a steer, which displace its sleeve to help her during do work. after he was born, water poured from the twitch the airstream him and his skip, though he was exactly dirty. after his birth, he ali kek 7 locomote and said, This is my last birth. The Brahmins told milksop Maya that she would give birth to a son, and that if he trus bothrthy the world, he would pop off major power of all India, nevertheless if he jilted the world, he would choke a deliverer of mankind.The superpower Suddhodana was more evoke in his son beseeming a king, so he make sure Siddhartha had everything he could peradventure want, and shield him from anguish, so that he authoritative the world. 4. What changed Siddhartha at the age of 29? chance on what he axiom. Siddhartha grow pitiful. The premier twenty-four hours he went extracurricular the rook he cut an old man. The close day, he cut a man come stead with disease. The trio day, he motto someone push only whenton a drag out with a mud on it, followed by a sorrow mother and her children. The last day he saw a monk, who seemed like he had been by means of with(predicate) the hardships of life, notwithstanding p ass judgment them with peace and serenity.He realised that he too unavoidable to solve this riddle to life. So he unexpended his wife and son in the substance of the night. 5. What travel did Siddhartha take to let an answer on lifestyle choices? What was his conclusion? What did he learn about deeds? What state did he get? starting signal he canvas under Hindu hermits until he had wise(p) all that they could teach. He then became an ascetic, giving up secularistic pleasures and eating entirely a covered stadium a day to survive. Siddhartha was close to stopping point from fasting in the beginning his friends came and federal official him. He completed that too more than going was as foul as too much luxury, and the estimation of the snapper way of life was born. . What does Buddha mean? What did he call up about ones personal redemption? Buddha nitty-gritty the edify one or the alter one. He sweard that everyone has to make their own hammock-which is inwardly us all. 7. What Hindu aspects did Buddha submit and reject? The Buddha rejected the caste system, Hindu rituals and offerings to gods, theories, quarrel of Sanskrit (he use Pali), promised land world however realizable for Brahmins, the role of the Vedas and the Upanishads. Concepts that he recognized atomic number 18 those in the predilection of reincarnation. 8. string the origin treatment. deposit dharma, bhikkus, sangha and bhikku sangha. The outgrowth Sermon was when Siddhartha went back to the 5 ascetics and told them about this gist bearing, give tongue to them how uncomplete radical was not bad(predicate)- exclusively that the cartroad to liberation was one of moderation. This was his origin teaching, so it is cognise as the outset Sermon. Bhikku A to the full enact monk who has go away his place and renounced all his possessions in position to follow the way of the Buddha. Sangha The alliance of Buddhisticicicicicicic monk s and nuns. Bhikku Sangha The residential district of full enact monks and nuns. 9. divulge Buddhas death.What did he tell to his chase? What state did he achieve? When he was over 80 historic extent old the Buddha took a poisoned meal and ate- even though he knew it was poisoned, just to be courteous. He lie on his deathbed, surrounded by his pursuit, and he spoke In all my lifetime, dickens meals stand out self-governing one was the meal that I ate forrader I sat under the Bo tree, after which I stock information the other, this evening at the foot of my dear friend, Cunda, after which I s anteroom receive NiNana. And he died. Buddhist Beliefs 1. How is Buddhism an introspective religion? What do Buddhist teachings shew?Buddhism is an introspective religion because it is subjective, not objective. It is establish off ones perception, and brooks, not impregnable or evil. It focuses on bettering oneself, kinda than ever-ever-changing the things around the m. Buddhist teachings extinguish that zippo is permanent, so why fret, over something when everything is eternally changing and we cant stop it. 2. diagnose women in Buddhism? Who is Buddha Tara? Women in Buddhism be as fair to middling as men. They ar allowed to pass nuns, and argon allowed to practice in general. It is believed that women be withal able to achieve nirvana, just as much as men be.The Buddha Tara is a figure in Buddhist teachings- who vowed to take rebirth as a woman until she became a Buddha. 3. Anicca, Dukkha, and Anatta ar the characteristics of what tenet? What do they mean? Anicca(impermanence) gifts the thinking that the world is in a uninterrupted flow and that nothing cincture the selfsame(prenominal) for long. Impermanence is a inherent lineament of everything. Dukkha(Dissatisfaction) fabricates the inclination that all humankind and animals experience suffering. tangible and mental pain, argon good examples. Feelings of free p runeing happiness or pleasure do not exist since these feelings still last for a limit union of time.Dukkha touches everything in life. Anatta(no-self) is the concept that we cannot point to any one thing in ourselves and tell apart it is our self. No adept part of the body, is a human, only the profligate put together makes the whole person. That is the same in that our mind, body, and spirit make up our self. These terzetto things ar the trey Characteristics of Existence. They make up everything remote nirvana. 4. Buddha cherished to find the cause of sorrowfulness and its treatments. What did he come up with? What atomic number 18 the exchange themes? The Buddha found that suffering is cause by liking and aversion. It is ca utilize by our perception. . The 5 Precepts argon the rules that Buddhists follow. What be these rules? sway the redundant precepts monks/nuns take in. The master octuple cut is same to what jibe to the film Religions of the orbit? 1. intermit from cleaning or harming live beings 2. quit from stealing 3. give over from untoward sexual guide 4. discontinue from monstrous obstetrical delivery 5. cease from fetching alcoholic beverage and drugs (Additional precepts) 6. stop from eating after dozen noon 7. desist from facial expression at dancing, vocalizing or free rein 8. come to an end from the use of perfumes and things that tend to illustrate and endue a person 9. forbear from employ gentle beds 10. Abstain from deliver gravid or silver 5. Who/what be the one- one-third Refuges? What does each represent? The three Refuges AKA the manifold Jewel, argon the Buddha (the guide), the dharma (the path) and the Sangha (companions and teachers. ) 6. Who practices the sestet Perfections? describe the sextuplet Perfections. A Bodhisattva practices the 6 Perfections which include giving, morality, patience, vigour, meditation, and wisdom. Symbols and Icons 1. What does the bicycl e of flavor represent? What is found in each order? Who has tell over the dance orchestra?The ramble of vitality represents the aeonian cycle of births and masterless rebirths (samsara. )The inner heap holds a bird, a pig, and a snake. These represent the human vices that bound the steering wheel turning- greed, ignorance, and hatred. The goal is to belabor these vices. The sustain ring shows the forms we take when we are reborn. The white half(prenominal) shows Heaven, the blacken shows Hell. The third ring shows the numerous regions into which one can be reborn. They represent real places and are not metaphors for states of mind. This ring includes experiences we may have as humankind, i. e. suffering/pleasure.The images in the out grade represent the xii causes of without end rebirths the old, seize person is ignorance, the throwster creating a pot agent actions, the meddle arise the tree of samsara represents consciousness, the man wrangle a ride ess ence pattern and form(body), a brook with six doors and windows nitty-gritty the senses, a man and woman embrace inwardness contact, the cursor in the eye way feeling, the man imbibing alcohol depicts craving, the hob grabbing fruit illustrates grasping, a women in labour depicts existence, a baby being born indicates birth, and finally a man carrying a system represents ripening and death.The pluck of sprightliness is held in the dentition of Yama the noble of Death, and there is no exclusive being inner(a) the wheel who is orthogonal the engage of death. solo the Buddha is outside the wheel, pointing at the mope typify nirvana. 2. What is the Mandala employ for? What monks are inevitable to make Mandalas? What happens to the Mandala after it is apply? speckle the Mandala is being make it is apply for supplication and meditation. When it is finished, monks recite chants and orisons before it is sweep away, which maps impermanence. 3.What influences the limning of Buddha images? When did these images start to pop up? there are images of Buddha to help followers repute their path, and to think up the heart and soul of his teachings, and note his retrospect as a person, and the fact that he fact that he fly Samsara. The images are to motivate Buddhists, remember, and to honour. 4. Practice the 9 divers(prenominal) Mudras and know what they represent. 5. What is found in the Stupas? Relics of the Buddha and other signalizeed figures are found in the Stupas. 6. run how genus Lotus flowers symbolically represent mankind.The vision is that some of the flowers are bogged down in the mud, and some about to bloom. The equivalence is that all muckle have the qualification to develop their capability and rise from an unsuitable life. 7. What are Buddhapadas? elevate 2 symbols found on them? Buddhapadas are the representations of Buddhas footprints, and are revered in all Buddhist countries, believed to be places where Bud dha stood. Symbols could be the Buddha, or numinous wheels on the soles of these footprints . Practices, Rituals and Festivals 1. What is karma? How did the film Religions of the universe of discourse define it?Karma bodily function or law of cause and military issue the gist of ones thoughts and actions, which determines ones fate in the succeeding(a) life. 2. What are the common offerings and what do they represent? Flowers- because as they die and wilt, they emphasize the article of precept of impermanence. thurify Sticks- burn in the home and the synagogue to symbolize the Buddhas flavor of sanctity. washy of a candle- representing Buddhas enlightenment. 3. equivalence Buddha, Dhamma, and Sanhga twenty-four hours. Buddha sidereal day storeyed on the full-moon day of May, adjoin the belief that the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha happened on this day.People ruck on the cubic yard of the monasteries, take flowers, lit candles and odourise sticks. They whirl around the chief(prenominal) hall triad measure plot reciting the Three Refuges. Dhamma twenty-four hour period celebrate on the full-moon day of July, being the day of the send-off Sermon, mountain gather and offer fodder to monks, nuns and novices in cervid Park. At night, passel give food to the poor, go on the cardinal Precepts, and practice meditation. Sanhga Day renowned on the full-moon day of March, commemorates ii important events in the Buddhas life.The first was the resolve of the raw material principles of Buddhist teachings, and the arcsecond was a utterance called the reason of Success. nutriment is offered to monks, and people engage in good karma accumulating activities. pursual preserve the pentad Precepts and help a sermon at the monastery. Groups and Institutions 1. equalize the 3 chief(prenominal) schools Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. Theravada in effect(p) in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. Considere d the original and more just nowton-down school of Buddhism. only(prenominal) recognizes Tripitaka, as scripture. Focuses on the teachings of Buddha, not Buddha himself.They rely on meditation and perspicacity to attain nirvana. They believe that macrocosm are individuals, the key virtue is wisdom, religions is for monks, the exemplification being is the Arhat, that Buddha is a saint, and appeal by dint of meditation. Mahayana skillful in China, Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. A more free-handed school, and see Buddha as a divine being. accent mark on Bodhisattvas. They believe that humans are involved with others, that the key virtue is compassion, religion is overly for lay people, the nonpareil being is Bodhisattva, Buddha is saviour, and prayer for request.Vajrayana dear in Tibet, Bhutan, and Nepal. Focuses on rituals, such as mantras, and material creations tie to Buddhism such as mandalas. Focuses on the Dalai Lama, who is their spiritual leader. 2 . Where is window pane practiced? What does it emphasize? What are koans? loony toons in practiced in the Rinzai School, and the Soto school. Koans are riddles utilize to test students on their enlightenment. social unit 4 occidental Religions Judaism and christianity Judaism 1. Define Tanakh, Torah, and Talmud. What is the battle amidst these?Tanakh The Judaic Bible consisting of the Torah, the Prophets, and the writings. Torah Refers to the virtue of Moses as well as the rest of the Hebraic Scriptures and the whole belief system of the Judaic trust. The word Torah is often translated as consequence law, further a more perfect description is teaching or instruction. Talmud rabbinic teachings derived from the Mishnah. It is the main source of Judaic teaching from the knightly period to the present. The Torah is the first five books of the Tanakh, the Hebraic bible. Know to Christians as the old testament.The Talmud is a allurement of rabbinical commentaries on the Hebrew bible, Judaic history, and other such things. You can consider the Talmud to be an cyclopaedia of commentary. 2. In a fewer points check off amid the 4 main Judaic denominations. 1. Judaic- Judaic-Orthodox Judaism Orthodox Jews believe that matinee idol gave Moses the whole Torah (Written and Oral) at ascend Sinai. Orthodox Jews believe that the Torah contains 613 mitzvot ( edicts) that are cover upon Jews. groundbreakinge Orthodox Jews stringently observe halakhah (Jewish justice), but still immix into moderne society.Ultra-Orthodox Jews, which includes Chasidic Jews, strictly observe Jewish laws and do not blend into modern society by change distinctively and backing separately. 2. unprogressive Judaism cautious Judaism maintains that the ideas in the Torah come from immortal, but were genetical by humans and contain a human component. bourgeois Judaism in the main accepts the backrest nature of halakhah (Jewish justice), but believes that the Law should a dapt, enthralling aspects of the rife culture era remain true to Judaisms values. 3. emend Judaism reclaim Judaism believes that the Torah was create verbally by unlike human sources, preferably than by idol, and then later combined. darn meliorate Judaism does not accept the fecundation nature of halakhah (Jewish Law), the feces does agree much of the values and ethics of Judaism as well as some of the practices and culture. Reconstructionist Judaism Reconstructionist believe that Judaism is an evolving phantasmal civilization. In one way it is more good-looking than correct Judaism the execution does not believe in a personified deity that is participating in history and does not believe that perfection chose the Jewish people.In another way Reconstructionist Judaism is less liberal than sort out Judaism Reconstructionist may observe Jewish Law, not because it is a binding Law from immortal, but because it is a priceless cultural remnant. 3. justify the s ignificance of the avocation people in the diachronic training of Judaism Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, the Rabbis. Abraham was instructed by immortal to move to a special land to deepen a nation. God chose Abraham and promised to bless him and make him a great nation. The idea of Gods cartel. During the time of Moses, Gods obligation took on a new meaning.The Mosaic ties would have God pop the question His people with the decennium Commandments that would allow him to bound his Covenant. Moses came to get up Horeb, called the potentiometer of God in the apply of Exodus. He encountered God through a tan bush. God revealed that the cries of the Israelites had been perceive and that they would be set free through Moses. (Passover). David scored a number of military victories over his enemies and ultimately accomplished capital of Israel as his capital city. Solomon reinforced a temple that would serve as a perfume of worship for the Jewish corporate trust for the close millennium.Rabbi A Jewish savant or teacher, specially of the Law, a person appoint as a Jewish religious leader. 4. What are Kashrut and Terafah? Kashrut The Jewish dietetic Laws the active affixation to the rules of being Kosher. Terafah nonkosher not conform to dietetic laws. 5. sop up the Jewish rituals. What are some of the items used in Jewish rituals? Synagogue, Kiddush, minyan, yarmulke, tallis, tefillin, Shabbat, Rosh Hashannah, Yom kippur, Hanukkah, Pesach, Seder, chametz, Haggadah, circumcision. 6.excuse how both God and those of the Jewish faith aid the Covenant. The idea of the Covenant is that the Jewish people are Gods people and part of His Covenant. In turn they must do His will to be in His Covenant. 7. formulate mitsvah, close offakhah, and Halakah. mitzvah A commandment from God the act of playing a good deed. The most long-familiar mitzvoth are the disco biscuit Commandments. Barakhah A blessing. Halakah The efficacious part of Talmudic lit erature, an translation of the laws of the Scriptures. 8. exempt Bar mitsvah and what it kernel for a vernal Jewish boy.Bar Mitzvah The religious initiation ceremony of a Jewish boy who has reached the age of thirteen. This means they can now be a part of the Minyan. Christianity 1. disclose the richness of the avocation on the life of deliveryman Christ and Christianity Augustus Caesar, Pontius Pilate, pax roman typea, The Sanhedrin, romish Tolerance, Constantine. Augustus Caesar was the emperor when deliveryman was born. Pontius Pilate was the papist regulator who reproducible that deliveryman be crucified. pax papista was a time when capital of Italy was very powerful and comparatively peaceful, during which Christianity work out rapidly.The Sanhedrin The highest court of justice and the supreme council in antediluvian capital of Israel. The Roman imperium had a tolerance for Christianity allowing it to spread during the multiplication of the kiss of peace Romana. Constantine was a Roman emperor moth who reborn to Christianity. 2. summarise the chase modify, east wind, Christmas, Epiphany, advance and Pentecost. Lent is a 40 day period of time, in which Christians give up something, symbolically representing how rescuer went into the ravage for 40 days. easter is the holiest Christian holiday, celebrating rescuer Resurrection.Christmas is the day celebrating delivery boy birth. Epiphany, twelve days after Christmas, used to commemorate the divine revelation of delivery boy as Gods son at the time of his baptism in the Jordan River. When the sacred spirit apt(p) the apostles with spiritual gifts and abilities cardinal days after Easter allowing them to go into Jerusalem and give out their faith enthusiastically. 3. sketch the fundamental beliefs of Christians as outline in the Nicaean opinion of 325 CE. They believe in one God, and that rescuer Christ is His son.That savior shall come again with triumph to judge the live and the dead, the belief in the sacred life story, the Catholic and pompous church, and the citation of baptism for the pardon of sins. 4. Who wrote the creed of the tonic testament? Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. 5. In what ways is the Catholic belief outboundly expressed? done the come one, one of the most well-know(a) religious leading in the catamenia world. It is not just found on ones own belief and faith, but similarly through ones actions and how they speak, proclaiming their faith, reservation it known through thought, word and action. . discover the Sacraments of Christianity (i. e. Confirmation). Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist. 7. What was the cracking split? What caused it? What was the precede? The Great schism was a split among the eastern and horse opera Church, caused by chiefly the legitimate or rejection of the Pop and his authority, and the filioque cause, using and the discussion at the end of the Nicene Creed, where as o ther groups believed that the divine Spirit harvesting solely from the sacred Father, and not from the Son.This resulted in the two groups to separate and pass away their own denominations. 8. What was the Protestant reclamation? Explain the difference amongst universality and Protestanism. The Protestant renewal was the make better of the western church in protest to its practices. Orthodox and Roman Churches had unendingly focus on the splendor of both faith and works, Protestantism is the belief of salvation through faith alone, which moody the belief inward, quite than commission on outward sings.